http://globalization.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2010/09/warmaking3.pdf
This scholarly article, called " War Making and State Making as Organized Crime", has been written by Charles Tilly in Bringing the State Back In edited by Peter Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer, and Theda Skocpol for Cambridge University Press, in 1985. It discusses about the idea that the states are too close to big organized crime, which could eventually lead to the making of an economic war. It is discussed through the idea of a social contract, the idea of an open market in which the states offer services to willing consumers, and by the idea of a society whose shared norms and expectations lead to a certain kind of government. The main subtopics of this paper are the phenomenon of double-edged protection, the violence and the government, the protection as a business, history talks, what could be done by states, how states are formed, and finally, war as international relations.
Carl Paquet
Wednesday, 20 November 2013
Empirical Status of Social Learning
http://sitemason.vanderbilt.edu/files/l/l3Bguk/Empirical%20Status%20of%20Social%20Learning%20Theory%20of%20Crime%20and%20Deviance.pdf
This scholarly article, called "Empirical Status of Social Learning Theory of Crime and Deviance: The Past, Present, and Future", has been written by Ronald L. Akers, from the University of Florida and by Gary F. Jensen, from the Vanderbilt University. This paper has two main goals. As told by the authors in the introduction, "The first goal is to review the empirical research evidence on the validity of social learning theory as an explanation of criminal and deviant behavior." Also stated by them, the second goal of the paper is to " illuminate new directions for expanding, elaborating, and testing the theory in the future." In short, what this means is that through their article, they cover the models of social structure as well as those of social learning. The article also discusses that the social learning theory (the main topic), when elaborated, can account for criminological and sociological regularities. It reviews the social learning theory, the research on social learning variables, the future of social learning in criminology, the imitation, contagion and auto-correlation, the conceptual overlap with the organizational theory, the separable effects of structure and culture, the multiple cultural processes and forms, the countervailing mechanisms, the modeling of occupational structure, and concludes with comments on the elaboration of social learning theory at the macro level.
Carl Paquet
This scholarly article, called "Empirical Status of Social Learning Theory of Crime and Deviance: The Past, Present, and Future", has been written by Ronald L. Akers, from the University of Florida and by Gary F. Jensen, from the Vanderbilt University. This paper has two main goals. As told by the authors in the introduction, "The first goal is to review the empirical research evidence on the validity of social learning theory as an explanation of criminal and deviant behavior." Also stated by them, the second goal of the paper is to " illuminate new directions for expanding, elaborating, and testing the theory in the future." In short, what this means is that through their article, they cover the models of social structure as well as those of social learning. The article also discusses that the social learning theory (the main topic), when elaborated, can account for criminological and sociological regularities. It reviews the social learning theory, the research on social learning variables, the future of social learning in criminology, the imitation, contagion and auto-correlation, the conceptual overlap with the organizational theory, the separable effects of structure and culture, the multiple cultural processes and forms, the countervailing mechanisms, the modeling of occupational structure, and concludes with comments on the elaboration of social learning theory at the macro level.
Carl Paquet
Traditional Marxist Perspectives on Crime
http://www.sociology.org.uk/pcdevmx.pdf
This scholarly article, called "Traditional Marxist Perspectives on Crime", written by William Chambliss, Milton Mankoff, Frank Pearce & Lauren Snider, discusses about the Marxist approach on crime. It is discussed through many different perspectives, such as the theory of social order, the inequality between social classes, the role of media and education as "socializing agencies", the process of making the lower classes believe that they need to conform to a social order that works against their interests, and many others. Their main issues are the manipulation of basic values and morality of society, the process of law creation, the enforcement of law and the individual motivation.
Carl Paquet
This scholarly article, called "Traditional Marxist Perspectives on Crime", written by William Chambliss, Milton Mankoff, Frank Pearce & Lauren Snider, discusses about the Marxist approach on crime. It is discussed through many different perspectives, such as the theory of social order, the inequality between social classes, the role of media and education as "socializing agencies", the process of making the lower classes believe that they need to conform to a social order that works against their interests, and many others. Their main issues are the manipulation of basic values and morality of society, the process of law creation, the enforcement of law and the individual motivation.
Carl Paquet
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